Retrospective cost analysis of machine learning–guided chemotherapy selection in dogs with relapsed B-cell lymphoma, stratified by prediction-treatment concordance

September 24, 2026

Mary Frye1, Crystal Soto1, JessicaWest1, George Courcoubetis1, Ilona Holcomb1, and Sungwon Lim1

1ImpriMed,Inc., 3980 Fabian Way, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA

 

Introduction

Relapsed canine B-cell lymphoma has no standard of care, leaving clinicians without prospective guidance among reinduction and salvage protocols. A multimodal machine learning model integrating flow cytometry and ex vivo drug-sensitivity data predicts response to ten chemotherapeutics; a prior study reported better outcomes under concordant treatment,¹ but cost implications are unquantified.

‍

Methods

In the published 60-dog cohort, two equal concordance groups (high vs. low adherence) were adopted from the prior analysis. Per-patient cost combined drug costs and the machine learning prediction report, drawn from the price list of one confidential metropolitan referral hospital; visits, tests, and exams were excluded. Doses were standardized to a 30kg dog to normalize body-weight variation. Cost per day was the total cost divided by progression-free survival days, summarized per concordance group by mean and median.

‍

Results

Mean cost per day was $117.09 (high concordance) versus $188.53 (low concordance), a $71.44. per-day (40.2%) difference favoring higher concordance. High-concordance dogs also had longer progression-free survival (median 49 vs. 21 days) versus low concordance and received fewer drugs (190 vs. 336)despite longer follow-up.

‍

Conclusion

Concordance with model predictions was associated with lower drug cost per day and substantially longer progression-free survival, supporting inclusion of the prediction report in treatment planning. Because the per-day metric is sensitive to survival and total cost rose with longer treatment, economic value should be interpreted alongside survival.

‍

Reference

1.Callegari AJ, Tsang J, Park S, et al. Multimodal machine learning modelsidentify chemotherapy drugs with prospective clinical efficacy in dogs withrelapsed B-cell lymphoma. Front Oncol. 2024;14:1304144.doi:10.3389/fonc.2024.1304144.

Presentations

A blood-based classifier for differential diagnosis of feline IBD and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2026
Learn More →

From Prediction to Practice: Clinical Outcomes, Treatment Economics, and the Evolving Role of AI in Canine Lymphoma Care

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2026
Learn More →

Drug Response Prediction–Guided Treatment Selection Is Associated with Improved Survival and Remission in Canine T-Cell Lymphoma

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2026
Learn More →

Flow Cytometry's Prognostic Insights in Canine Lymphoma

ACVIM Forum 2026
Learn More →

Harnessing AI, Immunophenotyping, and Drug Sensitivity Testing for Individualized Canine Lymphoma Treatment

ACVIM Forum 2026
Learn More →

A Multi-Modal Tool for Differential Diagnosis of Feline IBD and EATL Using Minimally Invasive Specimens

ACVIM Forum 2026
Learn More →

A multi-omic approach to biomarker discovery for the differential diagnosis of feline IBD and EATL using minimally invasive specimens

Veterinary Cancer Society Collaborative Conference 2025
Learn More →

Quantitative ex vivo synergy profiling uncovers heterogeneous combination responses in AML primary samples

67th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition
Learn More →

Ex vivo drug sensitivity testing in Korean AML patients: Integration of functional and genomic profiles for predicting clinical response and survival

67th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition
Learn More →

A multi-institutional machine-learning score that predicts bacteremia and gram class at blood-culture initiation

67th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition
Learn More →

Large-Scale Validation of a Flow Cytometry Platform for Comprehensive Immunophenotyping, Cell Size Determination, and Prognostic Stratification in Canine Lymphomas

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2025
Learn More →

Lumps, Lab Work, and a Little AI: A Tech’s Guide to Canine Lymphoma

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2025
Learn More →

When AI Disappoints: Improving Outcomes with Real-World Clinical Data

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2025
Learn More →

Ethos Discovery Stratified Outcomes for Lymphoma in Dogs (SOLID) Study: Informing Subclassification & Prognosis

ACVIM Forum 2025
Learn More →

Chemotherapy selection for advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer using machine learning models trained with multi-center datasets

2025 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium
Learn More →

Optimizing the first line therapy of canine B-cell lymphomas via machine learning

Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Veterinary Medicine (SAVY) 2.0
Learn More →

A study on the relationship between ex vivo drug sensitivity and clinical outcome of acute lymphoblastic leukemia

AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Functional and Genomic Precision Medicine in Cancer: Different Perspectives, Common Goals
Learn More →

Boosting the power of AI-based treatment outcome predictions for canine lymphoma by combining tumor and germline genetic biomarkers and live-cell analytics

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2024
Learn More →

Decoding Feline Lymphoma: From Diagnosis to Prognosis

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2024
Learn More →

Novel Genetic Biomarkers of Chemotherapeutic Response in Canine Lymphoma and Improved Predictive Power With Integration of Machine Learning

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2024
Learn More →

Predicting Chemotherapy Response in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Using Machine Learning

ASCO Breakthrough 2024
Learn More →

Improving Canine Lymphoma Treatment Outcomes by Individualizing Drug Selection using Machine-Learning-Based Predictive Models

Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Veterinary Medicine (SAVY)
Learn More →

Treatment-specific risk stratification of feline lymphoma based on unsupervised clustering of flow cytometry results

World Veterinary Cancer Congress 2024
Learn More →

Dramatically increased clinical remission rates and survival times in dogs with high-grade T-cell lymphoma and relapsed B-cell lymphoma in clinical study of AI decision support

World Veterinary Cancer Congress 2024
Learn More →

AI-driven Personalized Medicine for Cancer Care

Precision Medicine World Conference 2024
Learn More →

Prognostic Utility of the Patient-Derived AML Cells' Ex Vivo Drug Sensitivity Results

65th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition
Learn More →

Increased survival and remission rates in prospective study of relapsed B-cell lymphoma patients treated by oncologists using ImpriMed's AI predictions

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2023
Learn More →

Identification of drug response biomarkers for canine lymphoma in large-scale NGS screen

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2023
Learn More →

Impact of AI on clinical practice and outcome

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2023
Learn More →

Canine Lymphoma Diagnostics Past, Present and Future: How AI technology and genetics are pushing the boundaries in veterinary medicine

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2023
Learn More →

ImpriMed: AI-driven Personalized Medicine for Pet Cancer Care

Veterinary Cancer Society-Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology Collaborative Conference 2023
Learn More →

Reinventing precision medicine: from dogs to humans

Precision Medicine World Conference 2023
Learn More →

ImpriMed Research Update

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2022
Learn More →

Identification of Novel Predictive Biomarkers of Anticancer Drug Responses in Canine B-Cell Lymphoma Using Targeted NGS

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2022
Learn More →

ImpriMed Research Update

Veterinary Cancer Society Mid-Year Conference 2022
Learn More →

Drugs predicted to be effective using artificial intelligence (AI) double the clinical response rate in canines with relapsed B-cell lymphoma

Veterinary Cancer Society Mid-Year Conference 2022
Learn More →

Precision medicine for pet cancer care

Animal Health, Nutrition and Technology Innovation Europe 2022
Learn More →

ImpriMed: Experiences from the eyes of an oncologist in clinical practice

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2021
Learn More →

Predicting dynamic clinical outcomes of (L-)CHOP chemotherapy for canine lymphoma patients using an artificial intelligence model

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2021
Learn More →

ImpriMed: A data-driven, personalized chemotherapy drug testing service for canine blood cancer patients

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2021
Learn More →

Predicting likelihood of in vivo chemotherapy response in canine lymphoma using ex vivo drug sensitivity and immunophenotyping data in a machine learning model

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2020
Learn More →

Individualizing chemotherapy for canine lymphoma based on ex vivo drug sensitivity test

World Veterinary Cancer Congress 2020
Learn More →

From dog to human: precision medicine for comparative oncology

Precision Medicine World Conference 2020
Learn More →

ImpriMed: precision medicine for pet cancer care

NYC Oncology Conference 2019
Learn More →

Individualizing chemotherapy for canine lymphoma based on ex vivo drug sensitivity test

Veterinary Cancer Society Annual Conference 2019
Learn More →